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从环境卫生治理到全面社会健康管理——第36个爱国卫生月基层扫描_我的网站

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    Schematic diagram of Milky Way Photo: Courtesy of Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO)
Chinese astronomers have discovered that the Milky Way is not a simple, smoothly warped disk, but contains widespread "wrinkle-like" structures resembling ripples on a water surface, providing new clues to understanding the galaxy's 3D structure and evolutionary history.
The discovery was made by a research team from the Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, using data from the "Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting" (MWISP) survey. The findings were published online titled "Widespread corrugations superimposed on the Galactic warp in the outer CO disk" in the journal Nature Astronomy on August 7.
For decades, astronomers have known that the Milky Way's disk is not perfectly flat. Instead, its outer regions are slightly bent upward on one side and downward on the other - a structure known as a galactic warp.
However, the latest study shows that this large-scale bending is not the whole story. Smaller-scale vertical fluctuations are also embedded within the warped disk, creating a more complicated 3D structure.
"In many illustrations and in the public imagination, the Milky Way looks like a flat vinyl record," Sun Yan, associate researcher at PMO and the first author of the paper, told the Global Times on Tuesday. "In reality, the outer part of the Milky Way is more like a record that has been heated and deformed, with one side lifted and the other side lowered. That is the warp. On top of this large-scale deformation, there are additional smaller waves, which we call corrugations," Sun explained.
Using a more everyday analogy, Sun compared the Milky Way's structure to a sea surface. The warp is like a large swell that changes the overall height of the ocean, while corrugations are smaller waves superimposed on that swell.
"The two structures exist together. In our data analysis, we first removed the large-scale warp model, which allowed us to reveal the smaller wave-like patterns hidden underneath," Sun said.
The research focused on the Milky Way's outer gas disk rather than the more familiar stellar disk. According to Sun, cold molecular gas and stars provide two complementary ways to study the galaxy.
"Molecular gas is a sensitive probe for studying the vertical structure and dynamics of the galactic disk because it is concentrated near the disk plane and responds strongly to disturbances," she said.
Molecular gas is also the raw material for star formation, meaning its distribution is closely connected with the formation of young stars. The researchers traced this gas through carbon monoxide (CO) emission, which can penetrate regions obscured by interstellar dust and provide a different perspective from optical observations of stars.
The breakthrough was made possible by the MWISP survey, conducted using China's 13.7-meter millimeter-wave telescope. 
"MWISP can be understood as giving the Milky Way a large-scale medical examination using millimeter-wave observations," Sun said.
Previous CO surveys were limited in sensitivity and coverage, making it difficult to accurately study the distant outer regions of the galaxy. In contrast, the latest study identified more than 30,000 molecular cloud samples, covering about half of the Milky Way's outer disk and extending to a distance of about 26 kiloparsecs from the Galactic center.
With such a large dataset, researchers were able to first establish a model of the overall warp and then separate subtle structures from the background. The newly identified corrugations have radial wavelengths of about 3.9-7.9 kiloparsecs and vertical amplitudes of about 100-200 parsecs.
The study also identified a corrugation structure extending about 40 kiloparsecs in azimuth at a distance of around 12.7 kiloparsecs from the Galactic center. In some spiral arm regions, vertical displacements can reach approximately 200 parsecs.
The researchers believe these large-scale vertical fluctuations are likely related to "bending waves" triggered by external gravitational disturbances, suggesting that the Milky Way might have experienced more complex interactions during its evolutionary history.
Although the newly discovered structures sound dramatic, they do not have any direct impact on Earth or the solar system. "Humans cannot directly sense these corrugations," Sun said. "Their scales reach thousands or even tens of thousands of light-years, and even if these structures are evolving, such changes would not be directly perceptible on human timescales."
The study focuses on the outer disk of the Milky Way and does not include the region around the solar system. "There is currently no evidence that these structures have any observable influence on Earth's environment," Sun said.
Instead, their significance lies in what they reveal about the past. Like geological layers recording Earth's history, these galactic structures preserve traces of the Milky Way's evolutionary journey, the researchers explained.
Researchers said future studies combining more precise motion measurements and numerical simulations could further reveal the origins of these structures and their role in the long-term evolution of the Milky Way.
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B |     七彩的火车轨道、车厢改装的咖啡馆……云南省曲靖市沾益区的“车站记忆”主题公园，是当地居民的网红“打卡地”。　　曾经，这里杂草丛生、污水横流。以推进爱国卫生专项行动为契机，当地政府协调组织人员，清理垃圾数千吨，废弃的火车站旧貌换新颜，常有医务工作者在此开展健康咨询。　　在这座城市的大街小巷、公园广场，安置有近2万座洗手台，有的还配有直饮水龙头。　　曲靖市市长李先祥说，近年来曲靖先后开展了爱国卫生专项行动，从身边的小事着手，着重解决群众的操心事、揪心事、烦心事。　　今年4月是第36个爱国卫生月。从除四害、治污染，到“绿”城市、“食”安心，再到勤锻炼、管慢病……记者通过在云南、浙江等地的实地采访，感受着爱国卫生运动不断丰富的时代内涵。　　在云南全省，11.7万座洗手台遍布城区，16万多家餐馆、700余个城区农贸市场达到规范标准，新改建城乡厕所超219万座，基层医疗卫生机构慢性病管理服务中心实现乡镇、街道全覆盖……　　云南省卫生健康委副主任许伟说，云南正对照健康中国建设总体要求，结合实际，推动全生命周期健康管理理念贯穿城市规划、建设、管理等环节。　　浙江台州，3620名基层体育委员在社区健身场所、在城市新建的“口袋公园”，带动居民构建起15分钟社区体育生活圈。

C | 　　“通过共建、共治、共享的基层健康治理新格局，我们正在努力破解‘谁去动员’的难题。”台州市爱卫会主任、副市长李昌明说。　　国家卫生健康委4月18日在云南曲靖召开新闻发布会，介绍爱国卫生工作有关情况。新华社记者董瑞丰 摄　　河南组织开展“万步有约     健康体重”健步走比赛；四川成都开展“健康体重进地铁”活动，在地铁站设置身高、体重测量仪等；云南曲靖由当地妇联牵头，整合卫生健康、教育、体育、民政等多部门力量，充分发挥妇女在促进家庭健康中的独特作用，推选“健康妈妈”，带动“健康家庭”，进而带动“健康社会”……多地跨部门协同，以主题活动牵引，拓宽健康优先的新格局。　　“银发志愿者”“兵哥哥志愿队”“市民观评团”……云南省文山壮族苗族自治州发动市民群众，投身城乡环境整治提升行动。　　“人人参与，共建共享，环境好了，精神面貌也会更好。”副州长田燕说，在全国爱卫办组织的测评中，文山州群众对卫生状况的满意度居全国第一。

D | 　　“爱国卫生工作正在努力实现从环境卫生治理向全面社会健康管理的转变。”全国爱卫办副主任、国家卫生健康委规划司司长毛群安说，新时代新使命，要通过爱国卫生月的集中宣传倡导，推动每个人树立“自己是健康第一责任人”的理念，养成文明健康的生活方式。（记者董瑞丰、岳冉冉）。

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